FRTB & Banking Regulation

FRTB Standardised Approach: Complete 40-Article Guide

By Jonas (Yonas) Mohamed Osman Abdelghafour · Updated 29 August 2026

This guide explains the FRTB Standardised Approach from first principles through implementation. Start with the architecture, then follow the series through risk factors, sensitivities, prescribed diversification, default risk, residual risk, data, controls and jurisdictional implementation.

How to use this guide

Readers new to FRTB should begin with the architecture, SBM and Delta articles. Practitioners can move directly to the relevant risk class or implementation topic. Every page links back to this hub and to adjacent articles, creating a complete crawlable learning path.

All 40 FRTB articles

  1. FRTB Standardised Approach: The Complete Architecture in Plain English

    FRTB Standardised Approach explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals

  2. Trading Book vs Banking Book Under FRTB: A Practical Boundary Guide

    Trading Book vs Banking Book Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk

  3. Sensitivities-Based Method Explained: From Position to Capital

    Sensitivities-Based Method Explained explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk pro

  4. FRTB Delta Risk Without the Complexity

    FRTB Delta Risk Without the Complexity explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk p

  5. FRTB Vega Risk: What Volatility Sensitivity Really Measures

    FRTB Vega Risk explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  6. FRTB Curvature Risk: Capturing the Bend in Option Prices

    FRTB Curvature Risk explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  7. Why FRTB Uses Three Correlation Scenarios

    Why FRTB Uses Three Correlation Scenarios explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking ris

  8. FRTB Buckets and Correlations: How Diversification Is Controlled

    FRTB Buckets and Correlations explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk profession

  9. FRTB Risk Weights: Turning Sensitivities Into Regulatory Shocks

    FRTB Risk Weights explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  10. GIRR Delta Under FRTB: Curves, Tenors and Currencies

    GIRR Delta Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  11. GIRR Vega and Curvature: Options on Interest Rates

    GIRR Vega and Curvature explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  12. Credit Spread Risk for Non-Securitisations Under FRTB

    Credit Spread Risk for Non-Securitisations Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for

  13. Securitisation CSR Outside the Correlation Trading Portfolio

    Securitisation CSR Outside the Correlation Trading Portfolio explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mista

  14. FRTB Correlation Trading Portfolio: CSR and Eligibility

    FRTB Correlation Trading Portfolio explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk profe

  15. Equity Delta Under FRTB: Spot, Repo and Bucket Mapping

    Equity Delta Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  16. Equity Vega and Curvature for Options and Structured Products

    Equity Vega and Curvature for Options and Structured Products explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mist

  17. Commodity Risk Under FRTB: Basis, Location and Maturity

    Commodity Risk Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  18. Foreign Exchange Risk Under FRTB: Currencies, Reporting Currency and Options

    Foreign Exchange Risk Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk profess

  19. Credit Spread Delta vs Default Risk Charge: Do Not Confuse Them

    Credit Spread Delta vs Default Risk Charge explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking ri

  20. FRTB Default Risk Charge: Jump-to-Default From First Principles

    FRTB Default Risk Charge explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  21. DRC for Non-Securitisations: Netting and Hedge Benefit

    DRC for Non-Securitisations explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professional

  22. DRC for Securitisations: Why Tranches Need Separate Treatment

    DRC for Securitisations explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  23. Residual Risk Add-On Under FRTB: The Capital Charge Beyond Greeks

    Residual Risk Add-On Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professi

  24. Exotic Underlyings and Other Residual Risks: An RRAO Decision Guide

    Exotic Underlyings and Other Residual Risks explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking r

  25. Index and Multi-Underlying Instruments Under FRTB

    Index and Multi-Underlying Instruments Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for ban

  26. FRTB Sensitivity Calculation: Finite Differences, Units and Signs

    FRTB Sensitivity Calculation explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professiona

  27. Risk-Factor Mapping Under FRTB: The Hidden Capital Engine

    Risk-Factor Mapping Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professio

  28. Netting Under FRTB: Where Offsets Are Allowed and Where They Stop

    Netting Under FRTB explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  29. When the FRTB Aggregation Formula Needs a Safeguard

    When the FRTB Aggregation Formula Needs a Safeguard explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for b

  30. A Worked FRTB SBM Example: From Three Trades to Risk-Class Capital

    A Worked FRTB SBM Example explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  31. FRTB Data Lineage: From Trade Capture to Regulatory Capital

    FRTB Data Lineage explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  32. FRTB Controls: A Practical First and Second Line Framework

    FRTB Controls explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  33. Reconciling Front-Office Greeks to FRTB Sensitivities

    Reconciling Front-Office Greeks to FRTB Sensitivities explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for

  34. FRTB Change Management: Regulatory Parameters Without Production Surprises

    FRTB Change Management explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  35. FRTB Reporting and Disclosure: Explaining Capital Movement

    FRTB Reporting and Disclosure explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk profession

  36. FRTB Model Validation for the Standardised Approach

    FRTB Model Validation for the Standardised Approach explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for b

  37. FRTB Standardised Approach vs Internal Models Approach

    FRTB Standardised Approach vs Internal Models Approach explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes fo

  38. EU FRTB Under CRR3: What Implementation Teams Should Watch

    EU FRTB Under CRR3 explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  39. UK FRTB Implementation: ASA, SSA and the 2027–2028 Timeline

    UK FRTB Implementation explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professionals.

  40. FRTB Implementation Roadmap: From Gap Analysis to Stable Production

    FRTB Implementation Roadmap explained clearly: mechanics, practical example, controls and common FRTB implementation mistakes for banking risk professional

Author and sources

The series is written by Jonas (Yonas) Mohamed Osman Abdelghafour. Articles distinguish the Basel framework from EU and UK implementation and link directly to primary sources from the Basel Committee, European Banking Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority.